Institutions preparing art teacher, old and new
Art lived in conflict with history and indicates the power of art and the artist’s ancient record of figurative and lined pages of history.
The study of art teacher education institutions is considered a study of the whole society.
Institutions begin from the ancient Stone Age with painting, and they were concentrated on the walls of caves, and young artists were taught by them, and there were no institutions that would undertake preparation as we prepare it today.
Then the Art Teacher Education Foundation moved to another stage:
It is the Foundation of Ancient Egypt
From the art of painting to the arts of sculpture and architecture, plastic art came to be investigated in pictures and statues, and tombs, temples, and statues became a new institution for art teachers and students.
And it moved to the next stage:
It is the Coptic Institution
To prepare the art teacher, where Pharaonic art, Roman art, and Greek art were mixed, to be mixed and mixed, and the Coptic Art Foundation came out with an Egyptian character.
(Pharaonic Egypt - Ahmed Fakhry - Chapter Three, Fifth, and Seven)
Then the Islamic Art Foundation:
Where the depictions were neglected and attention to calligraphy, variety and decorations.
Arts have been divided by critics in the Islamic era into two parts, the first is:
Simulation arts, such as photography and sculpture.
The second is the arts of abstraction, which is architecture, music, and the emergence of ancient temples, then in the Islamic era. Islamic architecture was based on architectural and decorative elements that are consistent with its spirituality.
(Aesthetic Values in Islamic Architecture - History of Art - Dr. Tharwat Okasha - Chapter 1 The Origin of Islamic Architecture - P.17)
There were also decorative vessels that were invoked by the uni devoid of inscriptions for decoration and painted on them in special colors and then sent to be burned in the furnaces prepared for that.
(The Origins of the Decoration - Ahmad Shafiq Zaher, Habib Georgy - P.97)
As for the Islamic era and the art of sculpture, the sculpture has been forbidden in Islam, and the prohibition rests on the basis of depicting divine powers in any order. As a result of the hostile attitude to sculpture, this art almost disappeared in the Islamic era.
The arabesque was created as an alternative to figurative sculpture, and its art was limited to decorative abstraction and with regard to the three-dimensional composition in Islamic arts, the connection to architecture and its decoration with modified botanical elements and prominent geometric elements and then their coloring was the alternative to the epic style of prominent Pharaonic sculpture in the modern state.
(The art of sculpture - Sobhi al-Sharouni - the Islamic era and the art of sculpture, chapter three, pg. 246 248)
The modern foundation came:
To prepare an art teacher, it was formed in four periods, the first, second, third, and fourth, and schools, institutes, and colleges specialized for these arts and various educational curricula were established in the various fields of art, as many types of arts were formed during this period and sending educational missions abroad to study and learn.
(History of art education and its theories, Dr. Mahmoud Al-Atifi: pp. 161 162 169 171).
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